360-degree video is typically formatted in an equirectangular projection[8] and is either monoscopic, with one image directed to both eyes, or stereoscopic, viewed as two distinct images directed individually to each eye for a 3D effect. Due to this projection and stitching, equirectangular video exhibits a lower quality in the middle of the image than at the top and bottom.
Specialized omnidirectional cameras and rigs have been developed for the purpose of filming 360-degree video (invented in 2013), including camera rigs, GoPro’s Omni and Odyssey (which consist of multiple action cameras installed within a frame), and the All-In-One VR cameras such as Vuze Camera, Nokia OZO, Kandao Obsidian, There have also been handheld dual-lens cameras such as Ricoh Theta S, Samsung Gear 360, Garmin VIRB 360, and the Kogeto Dot 360—a panoramic camera lens accessory developed for the iPhone 4, 4S, and Samsung Galaxy Nexus.
